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Fiziksel Mimari Tasarım Şablonu

ISO/IEC 15504 SPICE | ENG.5 Tasarım gereksinimlerinin karşılanması beklenmektedir.

1. Sistem Mimarisi Genel Bakış

1.1. Fiziksel Mimari Diagramı

[Fiziksel mimari diagramı buraya eklenecek]

1.2. Mimari Prensipleri

  • Scalability: [Yatay/Dikey ölçeklenebilirlik stratejisi]
  • High Availability: [%99.9 uptime hedefi]
  • Security: [Zero-trust, defense-in-depth]
  • Performance: [Response time hedefleri]
  • Cost Optimization: [Resource optimization stratejisi]

1.3. Deployment Modeli

  • Deployment Type: [On-premise/Cloud/Hybrid]
  • Cloud Provider: [AWS/Azure/GCP/Other]
  • Region/AZ Strategy: [Multi-region/Single-region]
  • DR Strategy: [Disaster recovery yaklaşımı]

2. Infrastructure Bileşenleri

2.1. Compute Resources

Tier Service Type Instance Type CPU RAM Storage Quantity
Web [VM/Container] [t3.medium] [2 vCPU] [4 GB] [20 GB SSD] [2-10]
App [VM/Container] [c5.large] [2 vCPU] [4 GB] [50 GB SSD] [2-20]
DB [VM/RDS] [r5.xlarge] [4 vCPU] [32 GB] [500 GB SSD] [2]
Cache [ElastiCache] [r6g.large] [2 vCPU] [12.3 GB] [N/A] [2]

2.2. Network Architecture

[Network diagramı buraya eklenecek]

2.2.1. Network Segmentation

Subnet CIDR Purpose Security Group
Public [10.0.1.0/24] [Load Balancer, NAT] [Allow HTTP/HTTPS]
Private [10.0.2.0/24] [App Servers] [Allow app ports]
Database [10.0.3.0/24] [Database Servers] [Allow DB ports only]
Management [10.0.4.0/24] [Bastion, Monitoring] [SSH/RDP access]

2.2.2. Load Balancing

  • Type: [Application/Network Load Balancer]
  • Algorithm: [Round Robin/Least Connections]
  • Health Checks: [HTTP GET /health every 30s]
  • SSL Termination: [Yes/No]

2.3. Storage Architecture

Storage Type Purpose Size IOPS Backup Strategy
DB Primary [Primary database] [500 GB] [3000] [Daily automated backup]
DB Replica [Read replica] [500 GB] [3000] [Point-in-time recovery]
File Storage [User uploads] [1 TB] [1000] [Cross-region replication]
Log Storage [Application logs] [100 GB] [500] [7-day retention]

3. Security Architecture

3.1. Network Security

[Security architecture diagramı buraya eklenecek]

3.1.1. Firewall Rules

Source Destination Port Protocol Purpose
Internet [Load Balancer] [80,443] [TCP] [Web traffic]
Load Balancer [App Servers] [8080] [TCP] [App traffic]
App Servers [Database] [5432] [TCP] [DB connection]
Management [All Servers] [22] [TCP] [SSH access]

3.1.2. VPN and Access Control

  • VPN Type: [Site-to-Site/Client VPN]
  • Authentication: [Certificate/Username-Password]
  • MFA: [Yes/No]
  • Bastion Host: [Yes/No - jump server configuration]

3.2. Application Security

  • WAF (Web Application Firewall): [CloudFlare/AWS WAF]
  • DDoS Protection: [Cloud provider native]
  • SSL/TLS: [TLS 1.3, minimum TLS 1.2]
  • Certificate Management: [Let's Encrypt/Commercial CA]

3.3. Data Security

  • Encryption at Rest: [AES-256]
  • Encryption in Transit: [TLS 1.3]
  • Key Management: [AWS KMS/Azure Key Vault]
  • Data Classification: [Public/Internal/Confidential/Restricted]

4. Monitoring ve Logging

4.1. Monitoring Stack

Component Tool Purpose Retention
Metrics [Prometheus/CloudWatch] [System metrics] [30 days]
Logs [ELK Stack/CloudWatch] [Application logs] [7 days]
Traces [Jaeger/X-Ray] [Distributed tracing] [7 days]
Alerts [AlertManager/SNS] [Alert notifications] [N/A]

4.2. Key Metrics

Metric Threshold Alert Level Action
CPU Utilization [>80%] [Warning] [Scale out]
Memory Usage [>85%] [Critical] [Immediate action]
Disk Usage [>90%] [Critical] [Add storage]
Response Time [>2s] [Warning] [Performance review]

4.3. Alerting Strategy

  • On-Call Rotation: [PagerDuty/OpsGenie]
  • Escalation Matrix: [Level 1 → Level 2 → Manager]
  • Alert Channels: [Slack/Email/SMS]
  • Runbooks: [Standardized response procedures]

5. Backup ve Disaster Recovery

5.1. Backup Strategy

Component Backup Type Frequency Retention Recovery Time
Database [Full + Incremental] [Daily] [30 days] [< 1 hour]
Application [Code repository] [Real-time] [Indefinite] [< 30 min]
Configuration [Infrastructure as Code] [Git commits] [Indefinite] [< 15 min]
User Data [Snapshot] [Daily] [90 days] [< 2 hours]

5.2. Disaster Recovery Plan

  • RTO (Recovery Time Objective): [< 2 hours]
  • RPO (Recovery Point Objective): [< 15 minutes]
  • DR Site: [Same region/Different region]
  • Failover Process: [Automated/Manual]

5.3. Business Continuity

  • Critical Systems: [Database, Authentication, Core API]
  • Dependencies: [Third-party services analysis]
  • Failover Testing: [Monthly DR drills]
  • Communication Plan: [Stakeholder notification process]

6. Performance ve Scalability

6.1. Performance Targets

Metric Target Measurement
Page Load Time [< 2s] [Google PageSpeed]
API Response Time [< 500ms] [Application metrics]
Database Query Time [< 100ms] [DB performance monitor]
Throughput [1000 req/sec] [Load testing]

6.2. Scalability Design

[Auto-scaling diagramı buraya eklenecek]

6.2.1. Horizontal Scaling

  • Web Tier: [Auto Scaling Group, 2-10 instances]
  • App Tier: [Auto Scaling Group, 2-20 instances]
  • Database: [Read replicas, sharding strategy]
  • Cache: [Redis Cluster mode]

6.2.2. Vertical Scaling

  • Scale-up Triggers: [CPU > 80%, Memory > 85%]
  • Scale-down Triggers: [CPU < 30% for 10 minutes]
  • Instance Limits: [Min: 2, Max: 20]

6.3. Caching Strategy

  • CDN: [CloudFront/CloudFlare for static content]
  • Application Cache: [Redis for session data]
  • Database Cache: [Query result caching]
  • Browser Cache: [Static assets, 1 year TTL]

7. DevOps ve CI/CD

7.1. CI/CD Pipeline

[CI/CD pipeline diagramı buraya eklenecek]
Stage Tool Duration Success Criteria
Build [Jenkins/GitHub Actions] [< 5 min] [Successful compilation]
Test [Jest/xUnit] [< 10 min] [> 80% code coverage]
Security Scan [SonarQube/Snyk] [< 5 min] [No critical vulnerabilities]
Deploy [Ansible/Terraform] [< 15 min] [Health checks pass]

7.2. Infrastructure as Code

  • IaC Tool: [Terraform/CloudFormation]
  • Configuration Management: [Ansible/Chef]
  • Container Orchestration: [Kubernetes/ECS]
  • Service Mesh: [Istio/AWS App Mesh]

7.3. Deployment Strategy

  • Strategy Type: [Blue-Green/Rolling/Canary]
  • Rollback Plan: [Automated rollback on health check failure]
  • Feature Flags: [LaunchDarkly/AWS AppConfig]
  • Environment Promotion: [Dev → Test → Staging → Prod]

8. Cost Optimization

8.1. Cost Management

Resource Type Current Cost Optimization Strategy Expected Savings
Compute [$X/month] [Reserved Instances] [30%]
Storage [$X/month] [Lifecycle policies] [20%]
Network [$X/month] [CDN optimization] [15%]
Database [$X/month] [Right-sizing] [25%]

8.2. Resource Optimization

  • Right-Sizing: [Regular instance type review]
  • Scheduling: [Dev/Test environment shutdown]
  • Reserved Capacity: [1-year/3-year commitments]
  • Spot Instances: [Non-critical workloads]

9. Compliance ve Governance

9.1. Compliance Requirements

  • Data Protection: [GDPR/KVKK compliance]
  • Security Standards: [ISO 27001/SOC 2]
  • Industry Regulations: [PCI DSS/HIPAA if applicable]
  • Audit Requirements: [Regular security audits]

9.2. Governance Framework

  • Access Management: [Role-based access control]
  • Change Management: [Approval workflows]
  • Risk Assessment: [Regular risk reviews]
  • Documentation: [Architecture decision records]

10. Migration Plan (Eğer Geçiş Projesi ise)

10.1. Migration Strategy

  • Migration Type: [Big Bang/Phased/Parallel Run]
  • Migration Tools: [AWS DMS/Azure Migrate]
  • Data Migration: [ETL processes, data validation]
  • Cutover Plan: [Weekend maintenance window]

10.2. Risk Mitigation

  • Rollback Plan: [Detailed rollback procedures]
  • Testing Strategy: [Load testing, UAT]
  • Communication Plan: [Stakeholder updates]
  • Go-Live Support: [24/7 support team]

11. Onay ve Gözden Geçirme

11.1. Mimari Gözden Geçirme Kontrol Listesi

  • Scalability gereksinimleri karşılandı mı?
  • Security best practices uygulandı mı?
  • Monitoring ve alerting tanımlandı mı?
  • Backup ve DR stratejisi hazırlandı mı?
  • Performance hedefleri belirlendi mi?
  • Cost optimization yapıldı mı?
  • Compliance gereksinimleri karşılandı mı?
  • Migration planı hazırlandı mı? (varsa)

11.2. Onay Bilgileri

Rol Ad Soyad İmza Tarih
Sistem Mimarı [Ad Soyad] [DD.MM.YYYY]
Infrastructure Lead [Ad Soyad] [DD.MM.YYYY]
Security Officer [Ad Soyad] [DD.MM.YYYY]
Proje Yöneticisi [Ad Soyad] [DD.MM.YYYY]

Not: Bu doküman Proje Dökümantasyon Süreci standartlarına uygun olarak hazırlanmış ve ISO/IEC 15504 SPICE | ENG.5 Tasarım gereksinimlerini karşılamaktadır.